Analysing The Grameen Bank Of Bangladesh Economics Essay

Investigating The Grameen Bank Of Bangladesh Economics Essay Grameen Bank (GB) is known as the bank of destitute individuals in Bangladesh. It has been built up for the government assistance of the poor town individuals of Bangladesh, which turns into a good example of the universe of miniaturized scale credit banking framework. At the beginnings of Microcredit, Dr. Muhammed Yunus who is a financial analyst taught in the United States of America, albeit initially from Bangladesh, acquainted the world with the thought of miniaturized scale credit in the 1970’s. Checks (1996) said that Muhammed Yunus chatted with the poor town individuals and find that general nearby bank never demonstrates enthusiasm to give advance to destitute individuals and doesn't loan them and they needed to acquire cash from extortionate moneylenders with high financing costs. Thus, they wound up pretty much for all time in the red and any cash they made went to pay the enthusiasm on these high-premium credits. Yunus got cognizant at that point that poor people is sues were somehow or another the same as any other person: low intrigue credit was a need of life. Meaning of Micro Credit Auwal (1996): A very little advance given to ruined individuals to assist them with getting independently employed. Otherwise called â€Å"micro lending.† This little advances expansion (microloans) to those in destitution intended to spike business. These credits particularly given to a destitute individual to empower oneself to get independently employed. Monetary administrations advanced a limited quantities of cash ordinarily around $50-$150 to destitute individuals as a capital of a private venture to begin or broaden it. The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh has gotten a model of effective small scale credit supplier. Standards of Microcredit: General financing or credit. It underlines building limit of a smaller scale business visionary. Work age. Trust building. Financial turn of events. Help the smaller scale business person on during troublesome. Prefe rred position of Microcredit Soeama (2004): Source and cost of subsidizing: â€Å" In request for the Microfinance foundations to credit they need subsidizing as well and a steady microfinance establishment may have an upper hand of minimal effort of assets which empowers it to give fund easily. Framework set up: Microfinance organizations must have a necessary system and foundation to convey these administrations. The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh makes and actualizes this structure in rustic town region. Picture: MFI’s are ordinarily scrutinized as cash pressing machines which charge significant expense. Which isn't really obvious thinking about their expense of assets and dangers additionally they must be manageable. So here I think having a decent name, picture and Top supervisory group helps a lot.† Disadvantages of Micro Credit: Although microcredits are the cornerstone regarding improvement in poor nations, it can likewise have its troublesome. Without a doubt, the impediments of microcredits are: Some microcredit foundations are frequently eccentric. Discounting issues. Spending plan relies upon finances from the legislature or NGOs. Fig 1: Current Microcredit Network of Grameen Bank History of Grameen Bank: â€Å"The author of Grameen Bank Muhammad Yunus open up the possibility of ‘micro-credit’â€minuscule advances to the exceptionally poor. The bank as of now loans more than $500 million per year with a reimbursement pace of superior to 97 percent. Its Group Savings Funds have resources of $186 million. Grameen Bank works 1,100 branches in half of Bangladesh’s almost 80,000 towns. The program has been effectively reproduced in many nations, including the Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam, South Africa, and Bolivia. It has likewise been applied to downtown and country destitution in rich countries in North America and Europe.

Theory and Ideology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hypothesis and Ideology - Essay Example Accordingly, keeping Iran from making and improving more machines must be finished. It was during February 9, 2003 precisely at Natanz where the projects and endeavors working of refined offices were uncovered. There were likewise different urban communities where the development and arrangement of uranium were found (Sahimi, 2003). At the point when President Mohammad Khatami unveiled and uncovered the data with respect to Iran’s atomic program, and the presence of Natanz offices on the TV, Dr. Mohammad El Baradei, the head of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) along with a group of controllers, visited Iraq in February. The group was amazed with Iran’s innovative gadgets; atomic weapons and different instruments for mass decimation were various in number. This caused IAEA to outfit a final proposal for Iran to uncover all the subtleties of its atomic exercises. What made Iran’s atomic program the focal point of regard for some nations was the February de claration. Moreover, United States, the European Union, Russia, and Japan have been keeping up ‘closer look’ on Iran’s atomic exercises; they communicated solid interest that Iran ought to reveal all the data relating to atomic weapons. The EU at that point was haggling with Iran monetary and social understandings, while Japan was caring for an oil concurrence with Iran (Sahimi, 2003).Though United States and different partners have consistently been allowed to take an interest with the improvement with Iran’s atomic projects and to deliver high class of atomic weapons and reactors, yet they generally won't - they were not sure that Iran truly need atomic vitality, and use it for ensuring its national intrigue. Last September 2009, a second uranium enhancement office close to the heavenly of Qom was found, leaving U.S and other part states dubious of the progressing improvement of atomic machines; this disclosure simply affirmed the West dread that Iran wo uld proceed their ‘secret’ endeavors. Indeed, Iran has created 4000 axes (â€Å"Iran’s Uranium Enrichment,† 2009). In any case, the Western government has repudiated their help to Iran after its atomic advancement program was pitched. Subsequently, Iran’s atomic advancement has deteriorated. In demonstrate hatred for the outcome, it was declared that Iran’s Darkhovin venture has continued by the Iranian authorities; and a 360-megawatt reactor would be put in that venture (Bruno, 2010). Iran’s Sanction and U.S Ways to Dissuade Iran The United States utilized a â€Å"sharp† tooth to endorse Iran. It has forced one-sided monetary endorses on Iran three decades back. As referenced before, U.S and the IAEA were not sure about the genuine motivation behind atomic weapons found in Iran, henceforth, the IAEA communicated a â€Å"absence of confidence† to Iran in September 2005. Not just part conditions of America have the informa tion about Iran’s developing atomic action yet in addition the United Nations Security Council. Iran has enough particles to make an atomic bomb (Broad and Sanger, 2009). Just December 2006, UN has embraced the principal arrangement of goals planned to force authorizations and discipline on Iran due to its proceeded with production of uranium- - which is known to be dangerous and could be formed into atomic weapons, for example, bombs and rockets. Goals 1737 was started so as to banish Iran from selling or moving those found delicate atomic innovation. Yet, on September 2008, another goals was drafted

Klonopin for Social Anxiety Dosage and Side Effects

Klonopin for Social Anxiety Dosage and Side Effects Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print Klonopin for Social Anxiety: Dosage, Interactions, and Adverse Effects By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on November 19, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Administration Dosage Guidelines Who Should Avoid Klonopin Medication Interactions Potential Side  Effects Associated Risks Medication Disposal View All Klonopin (clonazepam) is a benzodiazepine that has been shown  to be effective in the treatment of panic disorder  and is also sometimes used for social anxiety disorder (SAD).?? Benzodiazepines work by reducing abnormal electrical activity in the brain.?? The use of Klonopin can be helpful in controlling anxiety; it generally works quickly to reduce anxiety, however, it may take some time before you start to feel the full benefit of the medication. If you have recently been prescribed Klonopin, or are considering taking medication for SAD, you likely have many questions. Learning more about this medication can help allay your concerns. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell Administration Klonopin is available as a tablet or an orally disintegrating tablet (wafer). Regular tablets should be taken with water, whereas wafers can be swallowed without water. It is usually taken one to three times a day, with or without food. Dosage Guidelines The initial daily dosage of Klonopin for panic disorder is 0.5 mg to 1 mg a day in divided dosages.?? Your dose may be increased as needed. If you are taking Klonopin for social anxiety disorder, your doctor should initially prescribe a low dose for a limited period of time (such as one week) and then follow up with an evaluation of its effectiveness, side effects, and dosage adjustment. Who Should Avoid Klonopin You should not take Klonopin if you have a history of sensitivity to benzodiazepines, significant liver disease or acute narrow-angle glaucoma.?? Use of Klonopin while pregnant or breastfeeding is not advised. There is also no data on the safety or effectiveness of Klonopin in children under 18 years of age. Medication Interactions There are a number of potential medication interactions with Klonopin.?? Several classes of medications including narcotics, barbiturates, nonbarbiturate hypnotics, antianxiety agents, phenothiazines, thioxanthene and butyrophenone classes of antipsychotic agents, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)  and tricyclic antidepressants  may enhance the depressant or sedative effects of Klonopin. In addition, the effects of Klonopin may be intensified if combined with other drugs or alcohol. It is important that your doctor is aware of all medications that you are currently taking. Potential Side  Effects The most common potential adverse effects that you may experience while taking Klonopin are somnolence, dizziness,  and cognitive impairment.?? These effects generally increase with larger doses and for older individuals. Other potential adverse effects that you could experience include the following: UnsteadinessCoordination problemsIncreased production of salivaPain in your muscles or jointsFrequent urinationBlurred visionChanges in your sex drive or sexual performance Some additional potential adverse effects can be serious and should be reported to your doctor immediately. These include rashes, hives, swelling (of your face, throat, eyes, etc.)  and trouble breathing or swallowing. Associated Risks In general, there is some risk of physical and psychological dependence when taking Klonopin.?? If you stop taking Klonopin suddenly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. Be sure to follow your doctors directions for discontinuing this medication or changing your dose. Never stop taking this medication abruptly without talking to your doctor, even if you are experiencing adverse effects. The consequences of overdose are generally not life-threatening unless combined with other drugs or alcohol. Driving, operating dangerous machinery and participating in hazardous activities should not be undertaken until you know how you will react to this medication. Medication Disposal Be sure to throw away medication that you do not need. Talk with your pharmacist about the proper way to dispose of this medication if you are unsure. The Best Online Anxiety Support Groups A Word From Verywell This information should be used in conjunction with the advice of your doctor if you are prescribed Klonopin for social anxiety disorder. If you are concerned about taking medication or wondering about other treatment options for SAD, know that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has also been shown effective. While medication can help to reduce your symptoms of anxiety, talk therapy such as CBT will teach you how to monitor and alter your thought patterns to handle situations in a more adaptive manner.

My Own Cultural And Ethnic Identity - 987 Words

Using the diagram you developed in class (in response to Exercise 10.7) discuss your own cultural and ethnic identity in terms of your values, beliefs and attitudes. During your discussion you should refer to the theoretical framework provided by either Hofstede or Trompenaars. From the discussion we had during class I was about to find out about how there are some cultural paradoxes between two cultures values, beliefs and attitudes. According to Geert-Hofstede cultural paradoxes can provide us with many answers on how and why people behave differently around the globe. As indicated by Keegan W. J. Culture can be understood as â€Å"ways of living, built up by a group of human beings, that are transmitted from one generation to another†. Culture also includes both conscious and unconscious values. The United Kingdom has a large number of mixed cultures from the research I conducted using the theoretical framework provided by Geert-Hofstede for my own cultural, which is British. The United Kingdom is considered to have individualism society with a score of 89 meaning that the people look after their own family interests, rather than a collective one the British are a highly Individualist and private people. All the kids are taught from an early age to think for themselves and to find out what their unique purpose in life is and how they uniquely can contribute to society. As indicated by Geert-Hofstede with a score of 89 the UK is amongst the highest of the IndividualistShow MoreRelatedA Reflective Educator And My Pedagogical Agenda1216 Words   |  5 PagesMy research during this course has allowed me to become a more reflective educator and to determine my pedagogical agenda. While studying James A. Bank’s Stages of Ethnicity and Gloria Ladson-Billings’ Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy, I connect with NBPTS Proposition 4.B, and discovered a truer, honest picture of myself and of where I hope to be as a future administrator (NBPTS, 2014, p.16) The idea of cultural diversity has been part of my educational philosophy since middle school. IRead MoreJose Martinez s Phenomenology Of Chicana Experience And Identity884 Words   |  4 PagesIn chapter two of Martinez’s Phenomenology of Chicana Experience and Identity: Communication and Transformation in Praxis, Martinez uses her third identifying ethnic mode of consciousness, the knowing - unknown to investigate her father’s mostly hidden heritage. She uses the knowing - unknown mode of consciousness to attempt a rediscovery of her hidden Chicana identity. However, Martinez’s investigation of her father’s mostly hidden heritage creates an indirect silence about her mother’s heritageRead MorePart 1. Answer The Following Questions About Yourself.1495 Wor ds   |  6 Pagesfor you of being a member of your particular ethnic/cultural group). †¢ What is your ethnic/cultural/linguistic identity? †¢ What has it meant to belong to your ethnic/cultural group? †¢ What do you like about your ethnic/cultural identity? †¢ What do you dislike about your ethnic/cultural identity? †¢ What are the advantages or disadvantages of belonging to the ethnic/cultural group you identify with? Self-reflecting on my ethnic and cultural background is always interesting because I haveRead MoreCulture And Identity : What Makes A Person Who They Are1351 Words   |  6 PagesCulture and identity could have numerous diverse definitions due to its nature of being â€Å"a composite of multiple integrated identities† (Samovar, Porter, McDaniel Roy, 2013, p. 216). As most would agree, culture is what makes a person who they are. The distinct relationship between identity and culture is one where they co-exist and correlate with one another. It is the assured characteristic that belongs to a person which makes them different from everyone else in the world. Like a gene, it distinctivelyRead MoreThe Culture Of Asian American And Being Labeled As An Ethnic1496 Words   |  6 PagesPreface In this essay, I attempted to lay bare the issues of being an Asian-American and being labeled as an ethnic â€Å"other† in modern America. This label of â€Å"other† causes them to become marginalized and lose their sense of identity, belonging neither to Western culture nor Eastern culture. In order help stop this loss of identity in Asian-Americans, we must tear down the social construct of the â€Å"other† and integrate the different cultures into the melting pot of popular culture. Once we have stoppedRead MoreLiving All My Life Through Kazakhstan And Being A Third Generation Of Ethnic Korean Living Outside The Korea Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages Living all my life in Kazakhstan and being a third generation of ethnic Korean living outside the Korea, I have never questioned my identity and have never thought how important it can be. On March 1 2013, in the apartment of my older brother, in small town in the north of Kazakhstan, everything was prepared for the celebration of my niece’s first-year birthday that Koreans usually call tol’. Small low wooden table was covered with different subjects symbolizing various good wishes for our littleRead Moreculture diversity1404 Words   |  6 Pageshave in the past? Have you learned something new about your own racial, ethnic, or cultural history? Trends in immigration will continue to shape the demographics of the United States. What will the U.S. population look like in the year 2050? Why do you think so? What challenges does the United States face due to the diversity of its people? What are the benefits of such a diverse society? How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States? In what ways do the mediaRead MoreThe Poston Biracial Identity Development Model1742 Words   |  7 PagesPersonally I feel that I identi fy myself within the Poston Biracial Identity Development Model. This model is focused for individuals that identify with multiple racial or ethnic groups. The stages of this model are the personal identity stage, choice of group categorization stage, enmeshment/denial stage, appreciation stage, and the integration stage. The personal identity stage is when an individual is independent of race or ethnicity. When I was in elementary school probably around 5 or 6 yearsRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors980 Words   |  4 Pagesrefers to cultural factors including nationality, regional culture, ancestry, heritage, religion, customs and language. It refers to the origin of one s ancestors for example Black or African-American originated in Africa, White or Caucasian originated in European countries, Asian originated in Asia; Hispanic originated in Latin American and so on. An ethnic group or ethnicity is a population group whose members identify with each other on the basis of common nationality or shared cultural traditionsRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Biological And Sociological Factors957 Words   |  4 Pagesrefers to cultural factors, including nationality, regional culture, ancestry, heritage, religion, customs and language. It refers to the origin of one s ancestors for example Black or African-American originated in Africa, White or Caucasian originated in European countries, Asian originated in Asia; Hispanic originated in Latin American and so on. An ethnic group or ethnicity is a population group whose members identify with each other on the basis of common nationality or shared cultural traditions

Feminism The First Wave Of Feminism - 1267 Words

Feminism is a movement calling for social change, holding to a belief that women are oppressed by American society due to patriarchy’s inherent sexism. This social movement explained quite simply started in the 19th century when women fought for the right to vote, sought to improve workplace conditions for women as well as increase working opportunities. From this initial movement, called first wave feminism, stemmed other waves that though somewhere in the same vein, they held many differing goals and values.. The first movement of feminism is celebrated by many in the United States. What initially comes to mind is the social change brought on in the 19th century when brave women stood up and fought for their right to vote. Suffragists†¦show more content†¦In other words, the third wave believes differences between males and females to be immoral. This brought with it a belief that the family unit oppresses women, women should be free to be sexual promiscuous, and other debilitating facets (Rampton, 2015). The feminist theory described by John Macionis in his book â€Å"Society: The Basics† is stated as â€Å"support of social equality for women and men, in opposition to patriarchy and sexism (Macionis, 329).† Though this is the overarching theory of feminism, there are specific ways to achieve this goal. Thus, there are three types of feminism for all the different solutions to the gender inequality issue. Liberal feminism is first discussed in Macionis’ book. The liberal sect of feminism’s foundation is classic liberal thinking that individuals should possess freedom to pursue their interests and achieve their potential. One of the beliefs is that gender works as a caste to keep women disadvantaged. To solve this problem, liberal feminists seek to pass the Equal Rights Amendments (ERA) and achieve reproductive rights for women. According to this ideology, the family institute requires alteration such as maternity and paternity leave and subsidized child c are for working parents. Second is the socialist view of feminism. Stemming from the ideas of Karl Marx and Joseph Engels, this viewpoint claims patriarchy increases the concentration ofShow MoreRelatedFeminism And The First Wave Feminism1651 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Feminism? The word feminism originated in the 1800’s from the French word â€Å"feminisme†. So what is feminism exactly? Feminism is usually defined as an active desire to change women’s position in society (Kolmar pg.27). There are many ways that feminism can be described as it is a number of theories, social movements, cultural and political movements. These movements are shedding light to the inequalities and equal rights for women and also equality for everyone. Feminism is a way for womenRead MoreFeminism : The First Wave Of Feminism1776 Words   |  8 PagesIn Disney’s animated children’s films, feminism greatly advocated for change in gender roles. Children often believe and develop in accordance with the kind of life and exposure they are subjected to at the tender age. In spite of the fact that Disney adopted animated film to sensitize the children on changes in gender roles, it is certain that children literally adopted the perception depicted in t he films. In fact, it is exemplified that later generations are raised on Disney fairy tale movies’Read MoreFeminism And The First Wave Feminism2028 Words   |  9 Pages Feminism is the movement towards women’s equality and the fight for equal gender in the social, political, cultural and economical aspects of society. Feminism also fights for equal opportunity for women in employment and education. A feminist is someone who advocates their support for women’s rights but is not restricted to only women; anyone who supports women’s rights and equality are feminists, including men. Feminism is not only about the females; it fights for gender equality forRead MoreThe First Wave Of Feminism767 Words   |  4 Pagesworth 50 points Assignment – What is feminism? Describe how it has evolved in the United States and include the three phases. The belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities organized activity in support of woman s rights and interests The first wave of feminism took place in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, emerging out of an environment of urban industrialism and liberal, socialist politics. The goal of this wave was to open up opportunities for womenRead MoreThe First Wave Of Feminism1876 Words   |  8 Pagesfeminists. Feminism can be separated into three waves. The first wave of feminism was from the mid 1800s to the early 1900s. The second wave was from the 1960s to the 1980s. The third wave of feminism started in the 1990s, but its end is unclear. Some people believe it has ended and the fourth wave of feminism has started, but others believe it continues today. The different waves have been very different in some aspects, but very similar in others. The main differences between the first and thirdRead MoreThe First Wave Of Feminism1230 Words   |  5 Pagessociety. Women had experienced change during the first wave of feminism and gained suffrage, but during the second wave feminism wome n experienced a change that greatly altered their lives and consequently, the relationships they shared with others. The first wave of feminism was concerned about suffrage and establish rights as people and equality in regards to property law (The Famous Five and the Persons Case in Canada), the second wave of feminism was concerned about equality in the workplace, amongRead MoreThe First Wave Of Feminism996 Words   |  4 PagesFeminism has been a prominent part in American literature since the late Nineteenth century. In almost every form of media today, there are female characters who are leaders, independent, and do not conform to the submissive image some individuals have of women. The first authors to introduce heroines of independent nature were Gilman, Chopin, and Wharton. They wrote stories about heroines who had their own ideas and wanted their own voice, expressed their own sexuality, and established their independenceRead MoreThird Wave Feminism : First And Second Wave 1813 Words   |  8 PagesEssay 2: Third Wave Feminism First and second wave feminists succeeded in legal and social rights. In addition, they achieved the right to vote, higher education, and the right to their own body. Although, third wave feminists obtained these rights, they differentiated from focusing on laws and political processes like first and second wave feminists did. Instead, third wave feminists strived for individualism and diversity. Unlike labeling each other as feminists, the third wave departed from thisRead MoreFeminism And The First, Second, Or Third Wave1272 Words   |  6 PagesWhen referring to the history of feminism in the manner of the first, second, or third wave, one is undermining the experiences that were ongoing during, in middle of, and before those waves that history defines. What ideologies of oppression were being spoken of to raise awareness and whose experience was being excluded/diminished? The articulation of feminism in using the metaphor of waves to describe how the ideologies peaked and rescin ded, is incorrect because it focuses only on the voices ofRead MoreFirst Wave Feminism By Betty Friedan1171 Words   |  5 PagesBackground Knowledge: Second-wave feminism refers to the period of feminist activity that focused on social and legal issues of gender equality such as sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights and equal opportunity in education and the workplace. Source 1: The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan In 1963, Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique was published. Friedan discussed the problem that â€Å"lay buried, unspoken† in the minds of the suburban housewife, saying that they were too socially

Impact on the Small Coralline Cay Free Essays

Experiment Number: 5 Date: December 8,2011. Aim: To assess and analyze man’s impact on the small coralline cay- Lime cay. Apparatus: boat Introduction: Lime cay is a small coralline cay that is mostly used by humans for their personal entertainment. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact on the Small Coralline Cay or any similar topic only for you Order Now By visiting this cay, man has had detrimental effects on the environment. In the earlier times, man’s impact was not so prevalent, however, overtime it has increased as agricultural practices and technology has been introduced. The effects can rise from pollution to global deforestation, which results in the death of many organisms. This can lead to species and genetic diversity being lost and also gives rise to extinction of some species. The adverse effects will be discussed later in details. Procedure: A small boat was used to travel to lime cay where the students walked around the small coralline cay and recorded all observations, which indicated man’s impact on this environment. Observation: Pictures showing the small coraline cay-Lime cay and evidence of the presence of man’s pollution. Picture showing an example of an organism that lives on the cay that is affected by man’s presence (sea urchin). Table showing the organisms present on the cay and their preys Organisms Being Fed On| Organisms Feeding| Flowers| Snails and Bees| Snails and Fish| Turtle| Leaf litter | Earthworm| Phytoplankton| Zooplankton| Algae| Sea Urchin and Fish| Fungi| Crab and Sand Fly| Wood| Wood Boring Beetle| Tree Bark| Termite| Woodlouse and Bees| Spider| Bird| Pelican| Bees and Earthworm | Bird| Discussion Questions: (a) Create a food web of all the organisms present on the cay. Pelican Stingray Shark Lizard Bird Turtle Spider Fish Wood boring Earthworm Sea urchin Zooplankton Bees Snails Crab Sandfly Beetle Termite Leaf litter Algae Phytoplankton Flowers Fungi Wood Treebark (b) What is the significance of the cay? The significance of the cay is to: (1) provide a habitat for a variety of organisms that were present on the cay (2) to aid in breaking heavy wave and tidal action and (3) to serve as a recreational ground for humans. c) What are the ways that man affects this habitat? Man affects this habitat by pollution when it is used for recreation, by deforestation/slash and burn method, by causing eutrophication, overfishing, oil spills and exposing unwanted predators. (d) Do you see any animals or evidence of any animals? What organisms are affected by man’s activities and how? Yes, there were animals seen. The animals seen were crabs (their tracks and their holes were spotted) ground lizards, pelicans, birds, fishes, sea urchins, spiders (spider webs were spotted) snails, stingr ay and a turtle. Generally speaking, with human activities being practiced on the cay, it resulted in habitat destruction. Changes usually take time for the organisms to adjust. However, when changes occur at a fast pace, there is little or no time for individual species to react and adjust to new circumstances. This created disastrous results, and for this reason, the rapid habitat loss causes species to migrate to other areas to live. On the cay there was a lot of garbage left behind from human activities. These consisted of mainly plastic materials such as cups and bags. Trash like plastic, can cause death to fishes as plastics take a while to biodegrade and therefore remain in the water. Fishes sometimes mistake plastic for food and ingest it, which results in a blockage in their digestive systems killing the fish. Plastic can also get wrapped around their necks and choke them or it could get stuck in their mouths, making it unable for the fish to eat and so it might starve and also die. Another observation made was a traveling cargo ship. This activity released pollutants into the water and also made it prone to oil spills. An oil spill has the most hazardous effect on aquatic and terrestrial life. The oil coats the fish’s outer layer and kills it. Also, oil affects sea birds as it sticks to their wings rendering them flightless. Oil settles on top of water and so forms a thick layer that is opaque, which prevents sunlight from reaching marine plants, so photosynthesis is obstructed. Oil spills may result in eutrophication, which feeds algae blooms. When algae dies they sink to the bottom where they are decomposed. The decomposition process uses oxygen and deprives the deeper waters of oxygen, which can kill fish and other organisms. Also the necessary nutrients are all at the bottom of the aquatic ecosystem and if they are not brought up closer to the surface, where there is more available light allowing for photosynthesis for aquatic plants, a serious strain is placed on algae populations. Growth of algal blooms disrupts normal functioning of the ecosystem, causing a variety of problems such as a lack of oxygen needed for fish and other organisms to survive. Also it may be noted that by human activities, which cause organisms to migrate, makes them more available to predation. Additionally, it can increase competition for food and space between organisms. Another point that was observed was the presence of fishermen. Overfishing decreases the population of fishes in the area, which disrupts the food chain as terrestrial organisms that feed on aquatic life have less food to eat. Also human activities affect turtle nesting, as the turtle was seen moving outwards from the cay. This suggested that based on the exposure to unwanted predators, turtles might see the cay as unsafe to lay their eggs. There may have also been introduction to pests as a result of the garbage and also pests may come to the cay in boats. Lastly, we can look at the effect of the method slash and burn method. Evidence of the burning of wood was seen which resulted in the various plants and animals that lived there being swept away. This could also have been the area where only one particular species is kept and slashing and burning could result in extinction for that species. This also affects organisms that live in the soil, like the bacteria, that would result in their death. e) Is the only impact by those who visit the cay? No, the impact is not only by those who visit the cay, the impact of the habitat destruction is also by pests as stated before like rats who come on the cay and create mass destruction to the organisms living there. (f) As a manager, what would you suggest to minimize man’s impact on this environment? There should be provision of proper disposal facilities, where the site can be kept clean of litter and the waste and contaminants are not runoff into the water. Implementing in-situ conversation and management practices to exclude or eliminate pests, so pesticides are unnecessary and the organisms will be protected is another suggestion for minimizing the impact. With the prevention of pollution, eutrophication will decrease. Plastics can be collected in a container for recycling, so recycling bin can also be put into play. And lastly, rules should be implemented against burning of materials on the cay. Conclusion: Man has significantly impacted lime cay and evidence was there to support this theory, which resulted in many detrimental effects to the organism present on this cay. How to cite Impact on the Small Coralline Cay, Essay examples

Strategic Management

Question: 1. Critically evaluate companys approach to business strategy development and implementation. Identify the outcomes of the selected strategy?. 2. Identify and discuss the possible strategic direction that the selected company could follow in the future for sustainable competitive advantage?. 3. Discuss the implementation challenges which may be required in the company and make your recommendations upon how the needed changes could be achieved?. Answer: Introduction: As the ulterior objective of every private organization is profit maximization, it must invest much time as well as money, in chalking out a well organized, strategic plan, which will help the company in achieving its targets within a given time, as well as to improve the performance of its employees. According to Greenly, one of the biggest advantages that strategic management offers to an organization, is that it provides a basic framework to the employees as to which direction they need to work for ensuring maximum possible success to be achieved. Tesco, as one of the biggest international grocery chains, located in UK, has adopted effective business strategy over the years, so that it can anticipate the future problems and opportunities, exploit fully what is available at present and most importantly can help the company in making quick decisions (Verbeke 2013). Discussion: 1. Tesco as a multinational UK organization, is one of the leading retailers in the world, and much of its success is being attributed to the effective business strategy, it has adopted over the years, since 1919. Although initially started in UK, the company has successfully expanded its market in various corners of the world, such as China, Czech Republic, India , Malaysia and many more. The reason behind the wide expansion of its market and smooth operation in the business world, was mainly possible due to its seven part strategy plan, that has set goals, over the year for enjoying maximum possible growth over the years. The Vision of the company over the years has been to offer the customers the most modern, convenient and innovative method of shopping, and keeping in mind the point of customer satisfaction, the organization has recruited more than 20,000 employees, in every two years, and has offered promotion and incentive benefits to each deserving employees. The result was em ployee satisfaction, who did their best, to ensure that the customers feel wanted and they continue to be the consumer of Tesco. The next part of Tescos business strategy has been the policy of global expansion. Tesco has expanded its market over different countries and regions of the world, and the total number of stores Tesco has, at present, sums up to 6,784, which has benefitted the organization in achieving wide recognition globally, as well as earning an enormous sum of revenue (Wood et al. 2016). Tesco has always prioritized the convenience and comfort of its customers, and keeping in consideration, its vision to provide maximum customer satisfaction, Tesco has introduced much innovation in its way of serving the consumers. In fact, one of the biggest disadvantages of todays world is that the people are too busy with their scheduled duty hours, to find out time to visit the grocery shops physically. Tesco has discreetly turned this disadvantage into a benefit, as they have in troduced the idea of virtual shopping, whereby the consumers can order, at their convenience, anything they need and the staffs of Tesco, will be more than happy to serve them. Tesco has however also put much importance to train its employees, in acquiring technical as well as communication and soft skills, to help them adapt to the changing method of shopping. Figure 1: Training Program Introduced for Employees by Tesco (Source: Babajana et al. 20140 Finally, one of the most important part of the business strategy adopted by Tesco, is that although it primarily deals with food and grocery products, it has started diversifying its market, by selling some other products apart from grocery products, such as consumer goods, financial services, etc (Imrie et al. 2014). The implementation of the business strategy has largely benefitted Tesco over the years, since its inception. Tesco has set up its stores, in many countries across the globe, which has helped the company, not only in gaining a huge amount of revenue, but also gaining worldwide recognition, and has created much brand awareness among the companies. Figure 2: Bar Chart Representing the Market Expansion of Tesco ( Wood et al. 2014) Further, it has helped Tesco in getting cheaper workforce, opening up an inclusive workplace, and interchange of new ideas and policies, for planning a better future for the organization. Hence, Tesco, like other major companies, such as Wal-Mart or Metro, is expanding its business in other countries, to compensate the sluggish growth in the local market (Lowe et al. 2012). Mobile payment, virtual shopping, regular consumer-organization interaction through customer programs, has largely benefitted the sale growth rate of Tesco. In fact, Tesco was the first supermarket chain to have introduced digital experience in marketing, long back in the year of 1997, and consequently the sale of the company has doubled to 6.25 Billion. Tesco knew that it is not sufficient to incorporate the concept of innovation and technology in their market, but the employees must be well trained and equipped to operate the new mode of retail marketing. As a result of good training in vocational as well as co mmunication skills, the employees are being praised by the consumers to be very responsive, flexible and productive in their process of serving them. 2. It is an indisputable fact that Tesco has been successful in introducing a very effective business strategy that has benefitted the organization incredibly over the past few years and consequently the organization has succeeded in becoming the third largest retail store in the world. However, further recommendation can be done, in terms of the business strategy of the organization to ensure future success of the organization. In the present world of technological innovation and scientific advancement, any company is largely benefitting from the interaction with consumers through social sites. The sales growth of Tesco is dropping each year by 3.8 % in UK, and on a thorough investigation, it was being discovered that Tesco is the second least engaging organization on social sites. The matter is indeed quite surprising that Tesco has as many as 1.4 million followers on Facebook, and yet the engagement rate of the organization is as low as 0.98 %, which is much lower than the rival o rganizations, such as Aldi (Jones et al 2013). Even a tesco spokesperson has said that the company believes in interacting with the customers, when required, but it does not believe in advertising its products. However, this approach has to be amended as even large and most reputed organizations are also engaging more in the use of social media tools, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, to keep their customers updated about their products and service. Tesco should engage more time in social media, to keep its customers updated about the recent offers and latest products. Although, Tesco is a very reputed organization that may not need much recognition, yet it can benefit largely from social media, as it will help the organization gain a huge number of consumers. They can also interact with the consumers on a daily basis, and answer their complaints, grievances, and other sort of queries related to the organization. Further, it will enable the company to know its target group of au diences, by enabling the targeting option on Facebook and Google+ (Aral et al. 2013). Tesco is not the only retail market in business, and in the presence of Mark and Spencer, Saintsburys and others, the organization is facing real trouble, as the other retail markets, are providing huge discount on shopping, as compared to Tesco. Tesco, if decides to retain in top position, in future, it must prioritize the benefit of the consumers. It should introduce attractive offers, lucrative vouchers and coupons to its customers, as a gesture of rewarding them for their loyalty. Most of the consumers were found to say that they prefer to avail the service of Aldi, because the organization offers them huge discounts. Tesco can also increase its customer retention, by offering Buy One Get One Free offer, or Free Tuesday offers. These offers have largely benefitted retail supermarkets, such as Woolworths. Besides, the organization should also engage itself more in CSR activities. The company sho uld employ energy efficient methods of production, scientific method of disposal of wastes, practice of contributing a share of its revenue for the promotion of some greater social cause, such as bearing educational expense of village children. However, it is not sufficient to employ CSR programs, unless it is publicized among the masses. The wide recognition comes from the publication of stories about these CSR activities, through the official website, as well as the social sites of the organization (Soroka et al. 2014). 3. The formulation of a strategy plan is easier than its implementation, as the proper execution of the business strategy is very resource intensive, and as research suggests 90% of the organizations fail to fully materialize their business plan. Hence, Tesco should also be very mindful of the potential challenges, it can face in the process of implementation of its chalked out, future business strategy. First, Tesco will require to choose the officials of the organization, who are capable of performing the roles of the leader. In most of the cases, it happens, that after the formulation of the strategy, the employees and even the management authority lose interest in the implementation of the plans, and the plans start collecting dust. Hence, the management authority of Tesco should select leaders, who will be chiefly responsible for the implementation of the business strategy plans (Rothaermel 2015). As it has been recommended, that the organization should be more active on the social sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, etc, however, the organization should be well aware of the possible negative consequence of the same, if not managed properly. According to a survey that was conducted by Cisco Systems, most of the organizations using social networking sites, have no formal process of managing the same, and hence 1 out of every 5 organizations are becoming the victim of negative feedback from the consumers (Yu et al. 2013). The consumers can now more openly express their frustrations and disappointment with the particular organization, and as such the negative comments, shared publicly, on these social sites can also go viral, and harm the overall reputation of the organization. Keeping this in mind, the organization, is required to have a well-organized marketing team meant solely for the social site management. This team should be able to keep a track on the consumers, and every t ime they post something negative about their organization, these employees must resolve the dispute at once (Aral et al. 2013). If this team does not reach out to these disappointed customers at once, and seek an apology or explain the situation, it may aggravate the thing, ultimately running the organizations reputation. Tesco will need to have a very organized social marketing team, and this will imply a huge cost for the company. The next thing to be considered, is the question of allowing discounts. Although offering discounts, will attract many consumers, Tesco should remember that allowing too much of the same, may make the consumers devalue the brand value of Tesco, as a whole. As Stephanie Bulls states, that offering discounts can cheapen a brand to the consumers. Further, adding too much discounts, just to be in the competition, can ruin Tesco, by bringing a huge loss for it. CSR will be able to provide competitive advantage to Tesco, yet this whole process is not free from challenges. The installation of pollution free devices, energy effective means of production would require huge amount of investment. Tesco would also need to train its employees, would also need to pay for different environmental products, discontinue the use of polythene packets, and also be more careful about the way it disposes its waste products (Servaes et al. 2013). Recommendation: Tesco is one of the leading organizations in the retail sector, and hence it must adopt proper business strategy to ensure future success as well. However, the foremost point to be remembered, here is a very organized plan, and effective team planning, whereby each employee should be aware of the business strategy, and each should work like a cohesive team towards the achievement of the same. Although, CSR activities and social media marketing would imply a huge investment, if the company can manage to interact with the maximum possible number of consumers, and can publicize about their CSR activities widely through the official website of the company, it will be able to draw a huge number of consumers (Lee et al. 2013). The potential consumers can easily be influenced to use the service of Tesco, through the online presence of the organization, and this can compensate the huge amount of investment. To boost the sales, the company can introduce coupons, discounts, and offers, but it must ensure that it also sets a limit for the same (Akerlof et al. 2014). Reference List: Akerlof, G.A., Blanchard, O.J., Romer, D. and Stiglitz, J.E., 2014.What Have We Learned?: Macroeconomic Policy After the Crisis. MIT Press. Aral, S., Dellarocas, C. and Godes, D., 2013. 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